robots.txt

添加或生成与 app 根目录中的 机器人排除标准 相匹配的 robots.txt 文件，以告诉搜索引擎爬虫它们可以访问你网站上的哪些 URL。

¥Add or generate a robots.txt file that matches the Robots Exclusion Standard in the root of app directory to tell search engine crawlers which URLs they can access on your site.

静态 robots.txt

¥Static robots.txt

User-Agent: *
Allow: /
Disallow: /private/

Sitemap: https://acme.com/sitemap.xml

生成机器人文件

¥Generate a Robots file

添加返回 Robots 对象 的 robots.js 或 robots.ts 文件。

¥Add a robots.js or robots.ts file that returns a Robots object.

很高兴知道：robots.js 是一个特殊的路由处理程序，除非使用 动态函数 或 动态配置 选项，否则默认情况下会缓存。

¥Good to know: robots.js is a special Route Handlers that is cached by default unless it uses a dynamic function or dynamic config option.

import type { MetadataRoute } from 'next'

export default function robots(): MetadataRoute.Robots {
  return {
    rules: {
      userAgent: '*',
      allow: '/',
      disallow: '/private/',
    },
    sitemap: 'https://acme.com/sitemap.xml',
  }
}

export default function robots() {
  return {
    rules: {
      userAgent: '*',
      allow: '/',
      disallow: '/private/',
    },
    sitemap: 'https://acme.com/sitemap.xml',
  }
}

输出：

¥Output:

User-Agent: *
Allow: /
Disallow: /private/

Sitemap: https://acme.com/sitemap.xml

定制特定的用户代理

¥Customizing specific user agents

你可以通过将一组用户代理传递给 rules 属性来自定义各个搜索引擎机器人如何抓取你的网站。例如：

¥You can customise how individual search engine bots crawl your site by passing an array of user agents to the rules property. For example:

import type { MetadataRoute } from 'next'

export default function robots(): MetadataRoute.Robots {
  return {
    rules: [
      {
        userAgent: 'Googlebot',
        allow: ['/'],
        disallow: '/private/',
      },
      {
        userAgent: ['Applebot', 'Bingbot'],
        disallow: ['/'],
      },
    ],
    sitemap: 'https://acme.com/sitemap.xml',
  }
}

export default function robots() {
  return {
    rules: [
      {
        userAgent: 'Googlebot',
        allow: ['/'],
        disallow: ['/private/'],
      },
      {
        userAgent: ['Applebot', 'Bingbot'],
        disallow: ['/'],
      },
    ],
    sitemap: 'https://acme.com/sitemap.xml',
  }
}

输出：

¥Output:

User-Agent: Googlebot
Allow: /
Disallow: /private/

User-Agent: Applebot
Disallow: /

User-Agent: Bingbot
Disallow: /

Sitemap: https://acme.com/sitemap.xml

机器人对象

¥Robots object

type Robots = {
  rules:
    | {
        userAgent?: string | string[]
        allow?: string | string[]
        disallow?: string | string[]
        crawlDelay?: number
      }
    | Array<{
        userAgent: string | string[]
        allow?: string | string[]
        disallow?: string | string[]
        crawlDelay?: number
      }>
  sitemap?: string | string[]
  host?: string
}

版本历史

¥Version History

版本	变化
v13.3.0	robots 推出。