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robots.txt

添加或生成与 app 根目录中的 机器人排除标准 相匹配的 robots.txt 文件,以告诉搜索引擎爬虫它们可以访问你网站上的哪些 URL。

¥Add or generate a robots.txt file that matches the Robots Exclusion Standard in the root of app directory to tell search engine crawlers which URLs they can access on your site.

静态 robots.txt

¥Static robots.txt

User-Agent: *
Allow: /
Disallow: /private/

Sitemap: https://acme.com/sitemap.xml

生成机器人文件

¥Generate a Robots file

添加返回 Robots 对象robots.jsrobots.ts 文件。

¥Add a robots.js or robots.ts file that returns a Robots object.

很高兴知道:robots.js 是一个特殊的路由处理程序,除非使用 动态 API动态配置 选项,否则默认情况下会缓存。

¥Good to know: robots.js is a special Route Handlers that is cached by default unless it uses a Dynamic API or dynamic config option.

import type { MetadataRoute } from 'next'

export default function robots(): MetadataRoute.Robots {
return {
rules: {
userAgent: '*',
allow: '/',
disallow: '/private/',
},
sitemap: 'https://acme.com/sitemap.xml',
}
}
export default function robots() {
return {
rules: {
userAgent: '*',
allow: '/',
disallow: '/private/',
},
sitemap: 'https://acme.com/sitemap.xml',
}
}

输出:

¥Output:

User-Agent: *
Allow: /
Disallow: /private/

Sitemap: https://acme.com/sitemap.xml

定制特定的用户代理

¥Customizing specific user agents

你可以通过将一组用户代理传递给 rules 属性来自定义各个搜索引擎机器人如何抓取你的网站。例如:

¥You can customise how individual search engine bots crawl your site by passing an array of user agents to the rules property. For example:

import type { MetadataRoute } from 'next'

export default function robots(): MetadataRoute.Robots {
return {
rules: [
{
userAgent: 'Googlebot',
allow: ['/'],
disallow: '/private/',
},
{
userAgent: ['Applebot', 'Bingbot'],
disallow: ['/'],
},
],
sitemap: 'https://acme.com/sitemap.xml',
}
}
export default function robots() {
return {
rules: [
{
userAgent: 'Googlebot',
allow: ['/'],
disallow: ['/private/'],
},
{
userAgent: ['Applebot', 'Bingbot'],
disallow: ['/'],
},
],
sitemap: 'https://acme.com/sitemap.xml',
}
}

输出:

¥Output:

User-Agent: Googlebot
Allow: /
Disallow: /private/

User-Agent: Applebot
Disallow: /

User-Agent: Bingbot
Disallow: /

Sitemap: https://acme.com/sitemap.xml

机器人对象

¥Robots object

type Robots = {
rules:
| {
userAgent?: string | string[]
allow?: string | string[]
disallow?: string | string[]
crawlDelay?: number
}
| Array<{
userAgent: string | string[]
allow?: string | string[]
disallow?: string | string[]
crawlDelay?: number
}>
sitemap?: string | string[]
host?: string
}

版本历史

¥Version History

版本变化
v13.3.0robots 推出。